JURISTIC PERSON

The term 'juristic person' includes a firm, corporation, union, association, or other organization capable of suing and being sued in a court of law." 

A juristic person is a bearer of rights and duties that is not a natural person (that is, not a human being) but which is given legal personality by the law is a juristic person - for example, a company.

Juristic persons are entities other than human beings on which the law bestows legal subjectivity. This does not mean that they assume the guise of natural persons, but that the law for the sake of economic or social expediency recognises a thing or community or group of persons as having legal personality and therefore the capacity to be the bearer of rights and duties and the ability to participate in the life of the law in its own name. They are called juristic persons because it is the law that accords them the status, in certain respects at least, of persons: they are artificial persons created by the law.

It matters if an entity subject to law is a juristic person or a natural person, for example, a juristic person can never be an employee.

Juristic Person is the legal concept that corporations are liable to the same laws as ‘natural persons’.

Treating corporations as individuals or juristic persons raises practical difficulties for legal enforcement and punishment.

The Theory of the State as a Sovereign Juristic Person - Kenneth C. Cole
The American Political Science Review, Vol. 42, No. 1 (Feb., 1948), pp. 16-31

The Nationality of a Juristic Person - E. Hilton Young
Harvard Law Review, Vol. 22, No. 1 (Nov., 1908), pp. 1-26

The Judgment of the Supreme Court of India, passed in a case titled S.G.P.C. Amritsar versus Shri Som Nath and others, held "Guru Granth Sahib a Juristic Person."
Objection was raised by respondents before the High Court, contending that the entry in the revenue records in the name of Guru Granth Sahib was void as Guru Granth Sahib was not a juristic person. The case of the respondents was that the Guru Granth Sahib was only a sacred book of the Sikhs and it would not fall within the scope of the word, ‘juristic person’. On the other hand, with vehemence and force, learned Counsel for the appellant, SGPC submitted that Guru Granth Sahib is a juristic person and hence it can hold property, can sue and be sued.

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