PLUTOCRACY

Sociologyindex, Sociology Books 2011, Democracy, Theocracy, Plutocracy, Oligarchy, The iron law of oligarchy, Monarchy, Constitutional Monarchy

Plutocracy is literally ‘rule by the rich’, the term is used to denote a wide range of situations where a group of individuals are able to exert disproportionate power and influence in society and social institutions because of their wealth.

Plutocracy vs Oligarchy

Oligarchy is a form of government where power rests with a small elite segment of society distinguished by royalty, wealth, family, military influence or occult spiritual hegemony. City-states from Ancient Greece were oligarchies. Oligarchs can simply be a privileged group. Oligarchy is not always a rule by wealthy people, but plutocracy is.

Democracy, Plutocracy, and Liberalism in William Graham Sumner - Byrne, William. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the MPSA Annual National Conference
Abstract: This paper examines William Graham Sumner's views on plutocracy and democracy, tensions within those views, and their relationship to his understanding of liberalism, in an effort to better inform contemporary political-philosophical discourse.

Democracy or Plutocracy? The Case for a Constitutional Amendment to Overturn Buckley v. Valeo
JONATHAN BINGHAM
The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 486, No. 1, 103-114 (1986) DOI: 10.1177/0002716286486001008
In the early 1970s the U.S. Congress made a serious effort to stop the abuses of campaign financing by setting limits on contributions and also on campaign spending. In the 1976 case of Buckley v. Valeo, the Supreme Court upheld the regulation of contributions, but invalidated the regulation of campaign spending as a violation of the First Amendment. Since then, lavish campaigns, with their attendant evils, have become an ever more serious problem. Multimillion-dollar campaigns for the Senate, and even for the House of Representatives, have become commonplace. Various statutory solutions to the problem have been proposed, but these will not be adequate unless the Congress—and the states—are permitted to stop the escalation by setting limits. What is needed is a constitutional amendment to reverse the Buckley holding, as proposed by several members of Congress. This would not mean a weakening of the Bill of Rights, since the Buckley ruling was a distortion of the First Amendment. Within reasonable financial limits there is ample opportunity for that "uninhibited, robust and wide-open" debate of the issues that the Supreme Court correctly wants to protect.

From Plutocracy to Pluralism: Managing the Emerging Technostructure.
Heterick, Robert C., Jr.; Sanders, William H.
EDUCOM Review, v28 n5 p22-28 Sep-Oct 1993
Abstract:
Advocates the formulation of an information systems strategy for higher education in light of trends affecting the information age, including globalization, networking, restructuring, pluralism, and automation. Management strategies of leadership, responsibility, organization, and funding are discussed; and implications for instruction, outreach, research, administration, and information systems organizations are raised.

Herzl and the struggle within the Jewish plutocracy: The Rothschilds, Baron de Hirsch and Samuel Montagu
GUTWEIN D.
Siyywn ISSN 0044-4758
Abstract
This article challanges the conventional scholarly interpretation that Herzl began his Zionist endeavors with the hope for support from the Rothschilds and other Jewish millionaires, and that only their rejection of his plan encouraged him to embark on mass political activity, culminating in the first Zionist congress. Based on Herzl's writings from the formative period of Zionism, the author claims that Herzl never relied on the Jewish magnates; he thought that if he failed to gain their support, he would realize his plan by enlisting the Jewish masses. Moreover, from the outset Herzl considered the Rothschilds to be irrevocably hostile to Zionism, viewing the Jewish 'medium millionaires' like Baron de Hirsch or Samuel Montagu, the Rothschilds rivals in many arenas, as more supportive. Herzl's differentiation between the Rothschilds and the 'medium millionaires' refutes the conventional interpretation that Herzl considered the Jewish plutocracy to be a monolithic group with homogenous interests. Herzl did not specify the causes of the rivalry between the Rothschilds and the 'medium millionaires', and their opposing attitudes to Zionism. Based on an analysis of the economic, political and community interests of the Rothschilds on the one hand, and those of Hirsch and Montagu on the other, the article offers a new explanation of this rivalry. The article concludes that in Herzl's view the crucial division in the Jewish community was not class-based, but rather along the lines of a plutocracy.

THE USA CONFUSES PLUTONOMY AND ECONOMY AND ENDS WITH PLUTOCRACY. WHY THE CLINTON LEGACY IS PART OF THE PLUTOCRATIC PROBLEM, HAVING BEEN ALL ABOUT MONEY, AND WAR, NOT ECONOMY AND JUSTICE.
By Patrice Ayme - patriceayme.wordpress.com
REELECTING CLINTONS WILL ONLY ENCOURAGE THE PLUTOCRACY SOME MORE. HOW TO MAKE MONEY FROM PEOPLE’S FLESH, AND OTHER RECENT US SUCCESS STORIES.
Abstract: The USA used to have an economy (say in 1940). Now it has a plutonomy led by a plutocracy, and it has not been good for the majority of people on the planet, including average US citizens, who are hurt and mystified. In particular the plutonomy created HMOs, making money from people’s lives. The most extraordinary con job may have been the Clintons’ presidency, supposedly a democratic twin headed monster president, who prepared, helped and instigated many of the errancies the G. W. Bush presidency would soon more thoroughly implement. To bring change to the USA means to get back to a real economy, and industry, away from just restricting the concept of economy to a strict plutonomy, a transfer of wealth from the poor to the likes of the Clintons and their friends.

Plutocracy and the Labor Movement - Braun, Jerome. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association Annual Meeting
Abstract:
Liberal cultural values and their political ramifications for meeting working-class interests through politics are discussed. After a short discussion of American working-class history and how the political interests of working-class people can be represented through consumers democracy, with emphasis on product choices, or workers democracy, through emphasis on wages, working conditions, and conditions of employment, examples are drawn especially from two writers known for their affiliations with the journal The New Republic about a 100 years apart.. Walter Weyl, an early editor at the beginning of the 20th century, wrote on workers issues as an exponent of the Progressive political movement of that time. Michael Walzer, a contributing editor at the present time, reflects present-day intellectual liberalism with its emphasis on academic rigor, and its somewhat removal from the issues of everyday working-class life. The loss of community in modern American life, which is one reason a consumers democracy is more easily achieved than a workers democracy is commented upon, with some emphasis on Prof. Walzer’s communitarian critique of present-day liberalism and its relevance for working-class life in general.

Oligarchy

Oligarchy is a society or social system ruled by a few people. As societies or organizations become large it is thought that political power becomes concentrated in the hand of a few individuals.

The word oligarchy is from the Greek words for "few" (olígos) and "rule" (arkhe). Aristotle used the term as a synonym for rule by the rich.

Oligarchies are tyrannical as they are completely reliant on public servitude to exist. States controlled by politically powerful families whose children are heavily conditioned and mentored to be heirs of the power of the oligarchy.

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