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POLITICAL POLICING
Sociologyindex, Sociology Books 2011
The way in which the process of policing the
community acts to maintain and reinforce deference to authority.
By living within a system of social order people
are socialized to accept that order and the way this is justified by legitimating ideas,
like tradition, inspired leadership or representative democracy.
It can also mean more narrowly the way in which
police activity, while superficially about maintenance of the criminal law, can be about
the control or surveillance of particular groups and communities.
ORGANIZATIONAL DEVIANCE AND POLITICAL POLICING
AUSTIN T. TURK
Abstract: Deviance in the policing of political activities may be either legal or
behavioral. Both are generated to satisfy external demands without risking undeniable
failure. Tactics of secrecy and scapegoating to avoid the perils of external scrutiny are
supplemented by applying the principles of need to know and plausible deniability. The
demand for results regardless of methods makes legal deviance inevitable and behavioral
deviance very probable. Deviance in political policing is very unlikely to be inhibited
significantly by legal reforms or public politics. Organizational changes are more likely
to have some impact. - blackwell-synergy.com
Political Policing in Hong Kong
HUALING FU, University of Hong Kong - Faculty of Law
RICHARD CULLEN, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
Abstract: Modern states, democratic ones in particular, have grown to prefer the use of
more subtle, or at least less visible, police surveillance to open confrontation in a
courtroom, where the state itself may be scrutinised in public. Well-equipped national
security agencies enable the state to respond to potential security threats before they
mature. Hong Kong's political police unit, the Special Branch, was indispensable to Hong
Kong's colonial political order. Although it was disbanded before the handover of Hong
Kong to China in 1997, political policing and monitoring probably continue under the new
legal order. This article examines the historical origin of political policing in Hong
Kong, including the establishment of the Special Branch and its initial focus on communist
activity in Hong Kong. It then traces the demise of the Special Branch prior to the
handover, examines the role played by the Independent Commission Against Corruption, and
explores the relevance of political policing to contemporary society. -
papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=926704
Organizational Deviance and Political Policing (From
Organizational Police Deviance - Its Structure and Control, P 111-125, 1981, Clifford
D Shearing, ed. - See NCJ-85562)
A T Turk
This article clarifies the meaning of deviance by and within organizations engaged in
political policing, points out the structural sources of such deviance, and assesses the
potential impact of various proposals for preventing or stopping this deviance.
Abstract: Political policing can be labeled deviant if there are (1) demonstrable
violations of legal rules and (2) blameworthy failures to accomplish organizational
objectives. Legal deviance in political policing cannot be defined independently of the
specific political context or apart from the political/legal consequences of disclosures.
Any conception of legal deviance in this type of policing inevitably clashes with the fact
that such organizations were invented to prevent radical political changes. Political and
military considerations often override legal or ethical ones. Thus, the same practice can
be legal and illegal, depending upon what is required and the political consequences of
disclosure. To help solve this problem, the article defines the goals of political police
organizations based on what is known or reported about their activities and lists in order
of decreasing probability policing actions that may be deviant under law if the
organization cannot sustain a denial under internal/external review. Political, legal, and
organizational proposals for curtailing deviance in political policing are outlined. Notes
and 18 references are supplied. - ncjrs.gov/app/publications/Abstract.aspx?id=85567
Organizational Deviance and Political Policing
A T Turk
This article seeks to clarify the meaning of deviance by and within organizations engaged
in political policing, to point out the structural sources of such deviance, and to assess
the potential impact of various proposals for preventing or stopping such deviance.
Abstract: Deviance in political policing usually occurs either as demonstrable violations
of legal rules or as blameworthy failures to accomplish organizational objectives. Any
conception of legal deviance in political policing inevitably clashes with the fact that
such organizations are invented to prevent radical political changes. Political policing
agencies are assigned the specific task of detecting and neutralizing any present or
potential deviations from the ground rules of conventional politics. The generous formal
authorizations for political policing are supplemented by secret directives that spell out
what may be only implicit in the authorizations: political and military considerations
override any legal or ethical ones. Thus, it is quite possible for the same practice to be
sometimes legal and sometimes illegal--depending upon what is required and the political
consequences of disclosure. Tactics of secrecy and scapegoating to avoid the perils of
external scrutiny are supplemented by applying the principles of need-to-know and
plausible deniability. The demand for results regardless of methods makes legal deviance
inevitable and behavioral deviance very probable. Moreover, deviance in political policing
is very unlikely to be inhibited significantly by legal reforms or public politics.
However, organizational changes are likely to have some impact. These organizational
changes include redefining goals, closer formal monitoring, separating functions, and
improving personnel management. - ncjrs.gov/app/publications/Abstract.aspx?id=79379
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