Books, E-Books Great Discounts

POPULATION INDEX

Sociologyindex, Population Studies And Demography, Sociology Books 2012

Statistics: Population is a (real or hypothetical) totality of objects or individuals under consideration, of which samples are taken for analysis.

Population index includes all elements which a researcher wishes to generalize to.

Population index includes all members of given class or set.

Populations are difficult to study because we cannot find all of the members (eg: heroin addicts or male prostitutes) or because of the expense (eg: surveying all teenagers).

Social scientists avoid this problem by gathering a sample from the population and then generalizing from the sample to the population.

The extent to which a place is populated or inhabited; the collective inhabitants of a country, town, area, etc.; a body of inhabitants.

The general body of inmates in a prison, rehabilitation centre, etc., as distinct from those in special or restricted categories or units.

The action or process of supplying with inhabitants; increase of inhabitants.

Population Index to cite publicly available machine-readable data files.
Population index (Popul Index), published in United States. Reference: 1979-; vol 45 (issue 4)
Abstract: The author discusses the increased availability of demographic data stored in machine-readable files. She describes the types of MRDF produced in the United States, Canada, Europe, Latin America, and Asia and Oceania. The final section of the paper presents examples of citations to MRDF

An Evaluation of Population Index and Estimation Techniques for Tadpoles in Desert Pools
Robin E. Jung, Gage H. Dayton, Stephen J. Williamson, John R. Sauer, and Sam Droege
Journal of Herpetology 36(3):465-472. 2002

Trap-induced mass declines in small mammals: mass as a population index
Pearson, Dean E., Ortega, Yvette K., Ruggiero, Leonard F.
Publisher: Wildlife Society, Publication Name: The Journal of Wildlife Management
Abstract: The article examines the impact of trap-induced body mass declines (TMDs) in small mammals on the calculation of body-mass-based population indexes. Deer mice, red-backed voles, and red-tailed chipmunk populations were used as an illustration. Hypothermia and dehydration are believed to be primary causes of TMDs; implications for population studies are discussed.

On Smoothing Trends in Population Index Modeling - Mazzetta, Chiara; Brooks, Steve; Freeman, Stephen N., Biometrics, Volume 63, Number 4, December 2007.
Abstract: In this article, we consider the U.K. Common Birds Census counts and their use in monitoring bird abundance. We use a state-space modeling approach within a Bayesian framework to describe population level trends over time and contribute to the alert system used by the British Trust for Ornithology. We account for potential overdispersion and excess zero counts by modeling the observation process with a zero-inflated negative binomial, while the system process is described by second-order polynomial growth models. In order to provide a biological motivation for the amount of smoothing applied to the observed series the system variance is related to the demographic characteristics of the species, so as to help the specification of its prior distribution. In particular, the available information on productivity and survival is used to formulate prior expectations on annual percentage changes in the population level and then used to constrain the variance of the system process. We discuss an example of how to interpret alternative choices for the degree of smoothing and how these relate to the classification of species, over time, into conservation lists.

Uncertainty of quantile estimators using the population index flood method
O. G. B. Sveinsson, J. D. Salas, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University
D. C. Boes, Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
The population index flood (PIF) method is an analytical model that has been recently suggested for regional frequency analysis. In this paper, explicit equations based on Fisher's information are derived for estimating the standard error of at-site quantile estimators for two regional PIF methods utilizing the generalized extreme value distribution with maximum likelihood estimation.

A Volcano Population Index for Estimating Relative Risk With Example Data From Central America - Ewert, J. W.; Harpel, C. J.
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2003, abstract #U22C-03
We have developed a Volcano Population Index (VPI) to make objective comparisons among individual volcanoes of populations that may be subject to volcanic hazards. We used volcano location data from the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Program (GVP) with the LandScan 2001 gridded global population data base from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory to evaluate population distribution near potentially active volcanoes in Central America. The LandScan database reports global ambient population on a 30- by 30-arc second grid (about 1 km by 1 km). The countries in Central America with volcanoes of Holocene age (<10 ka) are Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama. The VPI is defined as the sum of the population values of all LandScan 2001 cells within 10 km (VPI10) of the coordinates given for each Holocene volcano in the Smithsonian GVP catalog. An analysis of recent evacuations in the region in response to volcanic activity and a global compilation of eruption data by Newhall and Hoblitt (2002) prompted us to also evaluate population within 5 km of Holocene volcanoes and create a 5 km Volcano Population Index (VPI5). The VPI5 is an estimate of the number of people who will almost certainly have to be evacuated and cared for over some time period while an eruption is underway. There will almost always be some volcanic phenomena that adversely affects people within 10 km of the vent, and if an eruption is big enough, acute hazards may easily reach 10 km or more in any direction. We view the VPI10 as an estimate of the number of people who may have to be evacuated and cared for, and we use the VPI10 as the principal population statistic for comparison among individual volcanoes. We calculated the VPI statistics for 75 Central American Holocene volcanoes and report a country by country summary of population within 10 km of Holocene volcanoes that shows the relative exposure to volcano hazards in Central America. We also analyzed the historically-active subset of the Holocene volcanoes. In the region, approximately 4,960,000 persons are located within 10 km of a Holocene-age volcano and of these approximately 2,270,000 persons are within 10 km of an historically active volcano. Fully one third of El Salvador's ambient population, approximately 2.3 million, is within 10 km of a potentially active volcano, and 1,390,000 of these are actually within 10 km of an historically active volcano. Populations in Guatemala and Nicaragua have the next greatest potential exposure to volcano hazards (over 1 million each). All three countries have at least one major urban area within 10 km of a potentially active volcano. Newhall CG, Hoblitt RP (2002) Constructing event trees for volcanic crises. Bull Volcanol 64:3-20

Books, E-Books Great Discounts