Socio-Economic Development  Syllabus

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Population and Development Syllabus - University of Chicago
Inter-relationships between demographic growth and socio-economic development.

Population Change and Socio-Economic Development Syllabus
This course is an introduction to the interrelationships between population change on the one hand and socio-economic development on the other. The specific topics that relate population growth and change to social economic aspects are: natural resources, food, social change, economic change, socio-economic development and development planning.
chanco.unima.mw/depts/science/demog_teaching.htm

GENDER AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE AMERICAS

SYLLABUS - CULTURAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT - Patricia Fernández Kelly - Princeton University

Introduction: Why do some immigrant ethnic groups have more successful entrepreneurs than others? Has the Chinese family been an engine or an obstacle to economic development? What happens to socioeconomic development if traditional legal arrangements in less developed countries are confronted with the Western legal system? How do informal networks affect entrepreneurship and the working of markets? What all these questions have in common is that they point towards potential cultural or social determinants of economic development. While economists never denied that such factors might to some degree affect economic growth, they often also did not hide their conviction that the really
important determinants of economic development have to be sought in the area of 'hard‘ economic factors, like the availability, cost, and distribution of land, labor, capital, and technology, or barriers to‚ free trade in and between coutries. As a consequence, social and cultural factors are often considered as negligible dimensions in the analysis of economic development. Despite the claim of numerous scholars from other social sciences that social and cultural factors are also crucial determinants of development, their efforts to develop an equally powerful alternative model of economic development which takes into consideration socio-cultural factors did not really succeed.

Goal of the Course
It is the purpose of this course to have a closer look at what can be referred to as the 'socio-cultural approach' to economic development. The course covers aspects related to the problem of socioeconomic development which are not treated in the general introductory course. More specifically, it will address those factors that are usually dealt with more by sociologists, anthropologists, and social-psychologists and neo-instititutional economists. It addresses both classical and more recent discussions within the field, providing a critical examination of the controversies about cultural differences and their impact on development (i.e. traditional vs. modern cultural values, individualist vs. collectivist cultures, the role of religious beliefs), as well as a closer investigation of the use of concepts like “global culture”, “organizational culture”, “gender culture” for the analysis of economic development. The course is directed not only to those interested in the particular problem of socio-economic development of Third World countries, but will also be of interest to those interested in the institutional conditions shaping economic action and human well-being in general. Within the lectures, two major goals will be pursued. First, to give an introduction into the theoretical instruments which are necessary to analyze processes of economic development in a social and cultural context. One important question that will be addressed is whether and how modern theories in cultural anthropology, sociology, and social psychology can contribute to the proper analysis of processes of development in Third World countries. Second, to present a state-of-the-art overview of existing empirical insights on the interrelationship between the socio-cultural dimension and economic development. The lectures will extensively draw on case-study material and survey research findings in order to develop, illustrate and critically examine existing theoretical perspectives.

Structure of the Course
The following sessions are planned:
1. Introduction: Economy, Culture, and Development (R. Wittek).
2. Economic Theory and Economic Development (S. Lindenberg).
3. Choice and Culture: The Embeddedness of Economic Action (S. Lindenberg).
4. Social Indicators and Well-Being (A.P. Nieboer)
5. Social Capital, Religious Beliefs, and Ethnic Entrepreneurship (R. Wittek).
6. Gender and Socio-Economic Development (E. Baerends).
7. Law and Socio-Economic Development (E. Baerends).
8. Culture, Organizations, and Economic Development R. Wittek).
9. Embedded Markets and Economic Development (H. de Vos).
10. Conclusion: Does Culture Matter? (R. Wittek).

SOCIOLOGY 309: GENDER AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE AMERICAS
SYLLABUS - Patricia Fernández Kelly - Princeton University Office of Population Research and Department of Sociology, 21 Prospect Avenue. mailto:mpfk@opr.princeton.edu
This course examines gender as an integral component of socio-economic development. Our main focus will be on selected areas of Latin America and the United States but we will include a few important contributions with data from other parts of the world. Gender will be conceptualized as a relational concept pertinent to the understanding of men’s as well as women’s role in development. Special attention will be afforded to processes of industrial restructuring that have increased the participation of women in the formal labor force aiding the transformation of definitions of manhood and womanhood. In addition to a review of theories of development, we will explore feminist currents of thought. An understanding of the relationship between gender inequality and social order will be a central object of inquiry. Among the topics for discussion is the relationship between households, agriculture and industrial change.

Introduction. The sociological vision: methods and approach.- Gender: The missing link in theories of development.- Gender in a historical perspective.- Conceptual problems.- Changes in the concept of development since the 1950s.- Development as ideology and practice.- The role of national states.- Colonialism.- From nationalism to economic globalization.- Review of the literature.

Boserup, Ester. 1970. Women’s role in Economic Development. New York: Allen and Unwin.

Gender and Development: Some Key Concepts. Gender as process.- Economic, political and ideological aspects of gender.- Structures of power and domination: gender, class, race and ethnicity.- The debate on production and reproduction.- Patriarchy.- Historical roots of the division between the "public" and the "private." Labor market segregation on the basis of gender.- Wage differentials between men and women.

Beneria, Lourdes and Gita Sen. 1986. “Accumulation, Reproduction, and Women’s Role in Economic Development: Boserup Revisited.” In: Leacock, Eleanor and Helen I. Safa (Editors) Women's Work. South Hadley, MA: Bergin and Garvey Publishers:141-157.
Fernández Kelly, M.Patricia. 1994. "Making Sense of Gender in the World Economy: Focus on Latin America," Organization 1(2): 249-275.

Gender in a Critical Light. Feminism and socio-economic development.- Social order and gender hierarchy: the unspoken dilemmas.- Patriarchy revisited.- Wage differentials between men and women: how far have we come?.- Social change and changing gender ideologies.- Collective mobilization, class, and gender identities.

Weiner, Annette B. 1986. “Forgotten Wealth: Cloth and Women’s Production in the Pacific.” In: Leacock, Eleanor and Helen I. Safa (Editors) Women's Work. South Hadley, MA: Bergin and Garvey Publishers: 96-110.
Ward Gailey, Christine. 1987. Kinship to Kingship: Gender Hierarchy and State Formation in the Tongan Islands. Austin: University of Texas Press.
Fernández Kelly, M. Patricia and Anna M. García. 1992. "Power Surrendered, Power Restored: The Politics of Work and Family Among Hispanic Garment Workers in California and Florida." In Tilly, Louise A. And Patricia Gurin, editors, Women, Politics and Change. New York: Russell Sage Foundation Press.

Theories of Socio-economic Development. Liberal and radical approaches.- Neo-classical economics and modernization.- Culture and national character.- Marxist and Neo-Marxist interpretations.- Development and underdevelopment.- Dependency.- Import Substitution Industrialization.- The New International Division of Labor.- Post-Industrialism.- The World System Perspective.- Contributions of the New Economic Sociology.

Portes, Alejandro. 1994. "Sociology and Development in the 1990s: Critical Challenges and Empirical Trends." In Comparative National Development: Sociological Perspectives for the New Global Order (A. Douglas Kincaid and Alejandro Portes, Editors). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Gereffi, Gary. 1994. "Rethinking Development theory: Insights from East Asia and Latin America." In Comparative national Development: Sociological Perspectives for the New Global Order (A. Douglas Kincaid and Alejandro Portes, Editors). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Castells, Manuel and Roberto Laserna. 1994. “The New Dependency: Technological Change and Socioeconomic Restructuring in Latin America.” In Comparative National Development: Sociological Perspectives for the New Global Order (A. Douglas Kincaid and Alejandro Portes, Editors). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.

Working Women in the United States: A Historical Overview. Notes on the pre-industrial era.- Women and industrialization. Domestic labor and the transition to factory production.- Migrants and immigrants.- Women and the labor movement.- The family wage and protective legislation. Feminist thought in the nineteenth century.

Minge, Wanda. 1986. “The Industrial Revolution and the European Family: “childhood” as a Market for Family Labor.” In: Leacock, Eleanor and Helen I. Safa (Editors) Women's Work. South Hadley, MA: Bergin and Garvey Publishers: 13-24.
Tilly, Louise and Joan W. Scott. 1989. Women, Work, and Family. New York: Routledge.
Mullings, Leith. 1986. “Uneven Development: Class, Race, and Gender in the United States Before 1900.” In: Leacock, Eleanor and Helen I. Safa (Editors) Women's Work. South Hadley, MA: Bergin and Garvey Publishers: 41-57.
Smith-Rosenberg, Caroll. 1975. "The Female World of Love and Ritual: Relations Between Women in Nineteenth Century America." SIGNS, A Journal of Women in Culture and Society, Volume 1, Number 1(Autumn):1-29.

Women and Development in Latin America. Industrial and agricultural change in the twentieth century.- Peasants, immigrants and proletarians.- Ethnicity in the Latin American context.- Urbanization.- Formal and informal employment.- The role of the state.- Myths and facts about Latin American women: "machismo" and "marianismo" revisited.

Nash, June and Helen Safa. 1986. Women and Change in Latin America. South Hadley, MA: Bergin and Garvey Publishers, Inc.
Evans, Peter B. 1994. “Predatory, Developmental, and Other Apparatuses: A Comparative Political Economy Perspective on the Third World State.” In Comparative National Development: Sociological Perspectives for the New Global Order (A. Douglas Kincaid and Alejandro Portes, Editors). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Roberts, Bryan R. 1994. "Urbanization, Development, and the Household." In Comparative National Development: Sociological Perspectives for the New Global Order (A. Douglas Kincaid and Alejandro Portes, Editors). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.

Gender, Personal Identity and Domestic Production. The nuclear family as a normative concept.- The household as an empirical category.- Effects of development on families and households.- Family strategies and class structure.- Women, consumption and development.- Gender and the welfare state.

Wolf, Diane L. 1992. Factory Daughters: Gender, Household Dynamics, and Rural Industrialization In Java. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Scheper-Hughes, Nancy. 1992. Death Without Weeping: The Violence of Everyday Life in Brazil. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Gender and Economic Internationalization. The rise of the global economy.- Computer technology and the reorganization of production.- Men, women and multinational corporations.- Export-led industrialization in Latin America and the Caribbean.- International migration.- Gender and the informal economy.- Transnational labor markets.

Haggard, Stephan. 1989. "The Political Economy of Foreign Direct Investment in Latin America." Latin American Research Review, Volume XXIV, Number 1: 184-208.
Portes, Alejandro. 1989. "Latin American Urbanization in the Years of the Crisis." Latin American Research Review, Volume XXIV, Number 3: 7-44.

Industrial Restructuring and the Global Economy. Capital disinvestment and the transition from a manufacturing to a service economy in the United States.- The rise of the global city.- Class recomposition.- Subcontracting and the informal economy.- Exploitation versus redundancy in a restructured labor market.- Immigrants and citizens in the new economy.-

Fernández Kelly, M.Patricia and Saskia Sassen. 1994. "Recasting Women in the Global Economy: Internationalization and Changing Definitions of Gender." In Women in the Development Process: From Structural Subordination to Empowerment, (Christine Bose and Edna Acosta Belén, Editors). Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Arizpe, Lourdes and Josefina Aranda. 1986. “Women Workers in the Strawberry Agribusiness in Mexico.” In: Leacock, Eleanor and Helen I. Safa (Editors) Women's Work. South Hadley, MA: Bergin and Garvey Publishers: 174-193.
Wilson, William J. 1991. "Studying Inner-City Social Dislocations." American Sociological Review, Volume 56, Number 1(February):1-14.
Fernández Kelly, M. Patricia. 1994. "Towanda's Triumph: Social and Cultural Capital in the Urban Ghetto. In The Economic Sociology of Immigration: Essays in Ethnicity, Migration and Entrepreneurship (Alejandro Portes, Editor). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Fernández Kelly, M.Patricia and Richard Schauffler.1995. "Divided Fates: Immigrant Children in a Restructured Economy." International Migration Review.

Population and Development - University of Chicago
This course is a broad overview of the inter-relationships between demographic
growth and socio-economic development.
E-mail: p-heuveline@uchicago.edu
This course is a broad overview of the inter-relationships between demographic
growth and socio-economic development. We will study the causes of modern population
growth and the role of development in past and contemporary mortality and fertility
transitions. We will then study the impact of population growth on long term
development, food production, natural resources and the environment. We will also
discuss how demographic thought and policies have evolved on these issues in light of the
empirical evidence.
Readings:
Livi-Bacci, Massimo. 1997 [1989]. A Concise History of World Population, 2nd Edition.
Oxford: Blackwell Publishers. [Thereafter L-B]
National Academy of Sciences. 2000. Beyond Six Billion: Forecasting the World’s
Population. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. [Thereafter N.A.S.]
Demeny, Paul and Geoffrey McNicoll (eds.) 1998. The Reader in Population and
Development.New York: St. Martin's Press. [Thereafter D&M]
Cohen, Joel E. 1995. How many people can the earth support? New York: Norton.
[Thereafter Cohen]
Most required readings are articles now available from the internet. The most
common source there is JSTOR. The address is: http://www.jstor.org/jstor/
Browse the journals and look for the journal title under the “Population Studies” or
“Sociology” headings. Then go by volume and issue number.
A. Introduction
Coale, Ansley. 1974. "The history of the human population," Scientific American 231(3):
Notestein, Frank. 1953. “Economic problems of population change,” Pp.13-31 in
Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference of Agricultural Economists.
London: Oxford University Press.
Caldwell, John. 1976. “Toward a restatement of demographic transition theory,”
Population and Development Review 2:321-359. (JSTOR)
Bongaarts, John. 1978. “Why are high birth rates so low,” PDR 1:289-296. (JSTOR)
Lee, Ronald D. 1987. “Population dynamics of humans and other animals,” Demography
24(4): 443-465. (JSTOR)
B. The determinants of population growth
B.1. Mortality Change
McKeown, Thomas. 1976. The Modern Rise of Population. London: Edward Arnold.
Fogel, Robert W. 1994. “Economic growth, population theory, and physiology: The
bearing of long-term processes on the making of economic policy,” American
Economic Review 84(3): 369-395. (ProQuest)
Preston, Samuel H. and Michael R. Haines. 1991. “Chapter V,” Pp.177-210 in Fatal
Years: Child Mortality in Late Nineteenth-Century America. Princeton, N.J.:
Preston, Samuel H. 1975. "The changing relation between mortality and level of
economic development," Population Studies 29(2): 231-248. (JSTOR)
Caldwell, John. 1986. "Routes to low mortality in poor countries," Population and
Development Review 12(2): 171-220. (JSTOR)
B.2. Fertility Change
Coale, Ansley. 1973. “The demographic transition reconsidered,” Pp.53-72 in
International Union for the Scientific Study of Population: International
Population Conference, 1973. Liege: IUSSP.
Knodel, John and Etienne van de Walle. 1979. “Lessons from the past: Policy
implications of historical fertility declines,” Population and Development Review
Santow, Gigi. 1995. “Coitus interruptus and the control of natural fertility,” Population
Studies 49:19-44. (JSTOR)
Van de Walle, Etienne. 1992. “Fertility Transition, Conscious Choice, and Numeracy,”
Demography 29(4): 487-502. (JSTOR)
Hodgson, Dennis. 1988. "Orthodoxy and revisionism in American demography,”
Population and Development Review 14(4): 541-569. (JSTOR)
D&M, Chapters 5 (John C. Caldwell) and 19 (Paul Demeny).
Bongaarts John, W. Parker Mauldin, and James F. Philips. 1990. “The demographic
impact of family planning programs,” Studies in Family Planning 21: 299-310.
Hirschman, Charles. 1994. "Why fertility changes," Annual Review of Sociology 20:
203-233.
Heuveline, Patrick. 1999. “The global and regional impact of mortality and fertility
transitions (1950-2000),” Population and Development Review 25(4): 681-702.
(ProQuest)
Soci. 267/367 & Envi. 206 – Spring 2001
Cohen, Barney and Mark R. Montgomery. 1998. “Introduction,” pp.1-38 in Mark R.
Montgomery and Barney Cohen (eds.) From Deaths to Birth: Mortality Decline
and Reproductive Change. Washington: National Academy Press.
Cohen, Chapter 4.
B.3 The regulation of population growth
May 1:
Thornton, Russell. 1997. “Aboriginal North American population and rates of decline, ca.
A.D. 1500-1900,” Current Anthropology 38(2):310-315. (ProQuest)
Charbonneau, Hubert, Bertrand Desjardins, Jacques Légaré, and Hubert Denis. 2000.
“The population of the St. Lawrence Valley, 1608-1760,” Pp.99-142 in Michael R.
Haines and Richard H. Steckel (Eds.) A Population History of North America.
New York: Cambridge University Press.
Schofield, Roger. 1989. “Family structure, demographic behaviour, and economic
growth,” Pp.279-304 in John Walter and Roger Schofield (Eds.) Famine, Disease
and the Social Order in Early Modern Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Lesthaeghe, Ron. 1980. “On the social control of human reproduction,” Population and
Development Review 6:527-548. (JSTOR)
Lee, James Z. and Wang Feng. 1999. “Fertility,” Pp.83-99 in One Quarter of Humanity:
Malthusian Myths and Chinese Realities. Cambridge, Mass. and London,
England: Harvard University Press.
C. Population growth and development
C.1 Population growth and human development
May 8:
United Nations Development Program. 1997. "Poverty in the human development index:
Concept and measurement,” Pp.15-23 in Human Development Report. New York:
Oxford University Press.
Galloway, Patrick R. 1988. "Basic patterns in annual variations in fertility, nuptiality,
mortality, and prices in pre-industrial Europe." Population Studies 42:275-302.
(JSTOR)
D&M, Chapter 1 (Simon Kuznets).
Simon, Julian L. 1981. “Chapters 1 to 3,” Pp. 15-53 in The Ultimate Resource. Princeton:
Princeton University Press. [HB871.S5730]
National Academy of Science. 1986. “Introduction,” and “Conclusion,” Pp.1-10 & 85-
93 in Population Growth and Economic Development: Policy Questions.
Washington, D.C. [HB884.P66550 1986]
L-B, Chapter 4, pp.145-158.
C.2 Population growth and the environment
Carnes, Bruce A. and S. Jay Olshansky. 1993. “Evolutionary perspectives on human
senescence,” Population and Development Review 19(4): 793-806 (JSTOR)
Vaupel, James W., James R Carey, Kaare Christensen, Thomas E Johnson et al. 1998.
“Biodemographic Trajectories of Longevity,” Science 280: 855-860. (ProQuest)
Lesthaeghe, Ron and Paul Willems. 1999. “Is low fertility a temporary phenomenon in the
European Union,” Population and Development Review 25(2): 211-228.
(ProQuest)

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