SUFFRAGE
Sociologyindex, Books on Women's Suffrage, Sociology Books 2012
Suffrage is the right to vote in political matters; the franchise. Suffragists were early members of the women's movement who protested in order to win women the vote. Suffrage is the civil right to vote, or the exercise of that right. It is also called political franchise.
Compulsory suffrage
Compulsory suffrage is a system where those who are eligible to vote are required by law
to do so.
Women's suffrage
The goal of the suffragists and the "Suffragettes" was the right of women to
vote on the same terms as men..
The first country to give women the vote in national elections was the Isle of Man in
1881.
The first major country to give women the vote in national elections was New Zealand in
1893.
Universal suffrage
Universal suffrage is where the right to vote is not restricted by race, gender, belief or
social status. Universal suffrage does not extend a right to vote to all residents of a
region; distinctions are frequently made in regard to citizenship, age, and occasionally
mental capacity or criminal convictions. Finland was the first European country to grant
universal suffrage to its citizens in its 1906 elections, and the first country in the
world to make every citizen eligible to run for parliament.
Manhood suffrage
Unless disqualified by mental illness or criminal conviction, manhood suffrage is the
right of adult men of all classes, ethnicities, races, and religions to vote.
Equal suffrage
Equal suffrage is often confused with Universal suffrage, although its meaning is the
removal of graded votes, where a voter could possess a number of votes in accordance with
income, wealth or social status.
Census suffrage
Census suffrage is the opposite of Equal suffrage, meaning that the votes cast by those
eligible to vote are not equal, but are weighed differently according to the person's rank
in the census. The suffrage may therefore be limited, usually to the propertied classes,
but can still be universal, including, for instance, women or ethnic minorities, if they
meet the census.
|
The Look Within: Property, Capacity, and Suffrage in Nineteenth-Century America
Jacob Katz Cogan, University of Cincinnati - College of Law, Yale Law Journal,
Vol. 107, 1997
Abstract: Wishing to see the trajectory of American history as progressive and democratic,
historians have ignored the complexities of suffrage expansion in the nineteenth century -
especially the interrelation of exclusion and inclusion. This Note looks at the trajectory
of suffrage reform from the late eighteenth century to the adoption of the Fifteenth
Amendment and argues that reformers were obsessed with the inner qualities of persons.
Whereas the eighteenth century had located a person's capacity for political participation
externally (in material things, such as property), the nineteenth century found these
qualities internally (in innate and heritable traits, such as intelligence). Both
enfranchisement and disenfranchisement reflected this change of perspective, this look
within.
Suffrage and Virginia Woolf: ‘The Mass Behind the Single Voice’
Sowon S. Park, Corpus Christi College Oxford, The Review of English Studies 2005
Virginia Woolf is now widely accepted as a ‘mother’ through whom
twenty-first-century feminists think back, but she was ambivalent towards the suffragette
movement. Feminist readings of the uneasy relation between Woolf and the women's movement
have focused on her practical involvement as a short-lived suffrage campaigner or as a
feminist publisher, and have tended to interpret her disapproving references to
contemporary feminists as redemptive self-critique. Nevertheless the apparent
contradictions remain largely unresolved. By moving away from Woolf in suffrage to
suffrage in Woolf, this article argues that her work was in fact deeply rooted at the
intellectual centre of the suffrage movement. Through an examination of the ideas
expressed in A Room of One's Own and Three Guineas and of two suffrage characters, Mary
Datchet in Night and Day and Rose Pargiter in The Years, it establishes how Woolf's
feminist ideas were informed by suffrage politics, and illuminates connections and
allegiances as well as highlighting her passionate resistance to a certain kind of
feminism.
From Women's Suffrage to Reproduction Rights? Cross-national Considerations
Francisco O. Ramirez, Elizabeth H. McEneaney
International Journal of Comparative Sociology, Vol. 38, No. 1-2, 6-24 (1997)
While women's suffrage has become completely institutionalized around the world,
liberalized abortion is one indicator of the status of women that remains contested.
Moreover, abortion rights differ fundamentally from women's suffrage in that they are not
derivative of rights originally extended to men. In this article, we summarize and compare
the results of prior studies that assess the effects of independence era, international
linkages, modernization, state activism, and status of women on the rate of the adoption
of women's suffrage and reproduction rights. We argue that world cultural models of
progress and justice foster expanded models of political citizenship; these then provide
more compelling rationales for further women's rights.
Books on Women's Suffrage
The Way We Vote: The Local Dimension of American Suffrage
The Way We Vote: The Local Dimension of American Suffrage by Alec C. Ewald. A must read
for students of American elections and election law. --Rick Hasen, Loyola Law School,
author of The Supreme Court and Election Law To a degree unique among democracies, the
United States has always placed responsibility for running national elections in the hands
of county, city, and town officials. The Way We Vote explores the causes and consequences
of America's localized voting system, explaining its historical development and its impact
on American popular sovereignty and democratic equality. The book shows that local
electoral variation has endured through dramatic changes in American political and
constitutional structure, and that such variation is the product of a clear, repeated
developmental pattern, not simple neglect or public ignorance. Legal materials, statutes
and Congressional debates, state constitutional-convention proceedings, and the records of
contested Congressional elections illuminate a long record of federal and state
intervention in American electoral mechanics. Lawmakers have always understood that a
certain level of disorder characterizes U.S. national elections, and have responded by
exercising their authority over suffrage practices--but only in limited ways, effectively
helping to construct our triply-governed electoral system.
Women's
Suffrage in America (Eyewitness History Series)
The
Concise History of Woman Suffrage: Selections from History of Woman Suffrage, by Elizabeth
Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Matilda Joslyn Gage, and the National American Woman
Suffrage Association
The
Trial of Democracy: Black Suffrage and Northern Republicans, 1860-1910 (Studies in the
Legal History of the South)